Human Error Theory in Health Care

Patient safety is a basic specimen of health cargon. Every step in health c ar helper contains intrinsic severe f makeors . The combination among newest technologies, health innovations and treatments have introduced a synergistic development in health c ar industry, and transformed it into more abstruse field. This rise health safety risks which may result from problems in pr routineice, procedures and medication etc . This Essay will discuss the relationship among charitable parts and enduring safety. Definitions Patient safety is the reduction of unnecessary harm associated with health sustenances to acceptable borderline (Runciman ,Hibbert , Thomson , Der Schaaf , Sherman ,Lewalle , 2009) gaye phantasm in health care fuck be observed by two different methods the person approach and the placement approach, each standard has own perspectives . Understanding these differences has a prodigious practical outcomes in healthcare industry and open sights for managem ent of aesculapian error (Reason, 2000). The person approach stress on the hazardous act and procedural deviations of nurses,physicians, pharmacists.It analyses these unsound acts as resulting mainly from deviant mental functions much(prenominal) as lack of memory & vitamin Aere concentration , lamentable zeal , carelessness, , and recklessness(Reason, 2000) . The associated pr withaltive measures are intended mainly at decreasing risky inconsistency in human performance (Reason, 2000) . Whereas the agreement approach sagacity human errors as consequences instead than causes, thereof it relays the reasons for error occurrence on failure of organizational system (Reason, 2000).Countermeasures are established on the scheme that although we deal non change the human condition, we mickle adjust thecircumstances under which military man work (Reason, 2000). benevolent error Theory Patients always expect marvellous solutions to each problem. In such expectations people who receive medical exam work tend to believe that no mistakes jakes happen. It is actually not so, and it is seen that in that location are instances where the medical errors toilet occur at any map (Moyen, Camrie, Stelfox, 2008).They terminate take place if the healthcare provider chooses an inappropriate method of diagnosing the problem. There is another scope for medical error if the performance part goes wrong, even after choosing the correct method. Therefore, such medical errors are moreover referred to as the human errors in the area of health cognizance (Moyen , Camrie ,Stelfox ,2008 ) . The importance of this issue do-nothing be seen according to the report provided by the American Institute of Medicine.It stated that US Hospitals been have astonishing as there had been deaths which were be avoidable. Some cases were the medical rung inconvenient, and others were seen that the poor system was actually beyond the failure. The possible flaws in the system are there handle the poor communication, between the medical team and between them and the patient roles as well as the reporting system of the infirmary suffers from the lack of the coordination in the hospital system (Taxis & Barber, 2003). .This subject can be better soundless with relation to the existing human error mishap which consider errors are opportunities for improvement and it interestingly highlight the concept of error, the same issue was adhered by literary thinker and philosopher Francis Bacon(1620), that human mind has always position of the over-generalisations which authority that the human mind always have that over-confident element of remembering things. This thought itself gives rise to error, because it all of being thoroughly perfect which is not possible.The supposition stands widely accepted by the British Department of wellness, they have move away from solely blaming the individuals, towards accepting the fact that error is nighthing inevitable ( Runc iman ,Hibbert , Thomson , Der Schaaf , Sherman ,Lewalle , 2009) various(a)(a) literary scholars, scientists and the psychologist have pointed out the fact that there are some cognitive processes and the multiple disturbing factors in the organisational environment and the surroundings that can path to various accidents in the health care domain.According to Reasons interpretation for the concept of error (1990), it is the failure of a planned process to be completed as intended without the intervention of some unpredictable event or the use of a wrong plan to procure an aim. This definition was somehow subjected to varied reactions, while some accepted this possibility of the error while others thought it was only a pretext for the mistakes make in a medical scenario.Though in the contemporary circumstance this Human Error Theory has gained popularity because the same has been highly in relevance to the Normans mentation of error, and thusly these perspectives which have been built are the Human Factors (Carayon, 2008) Further many factors have been analysed with relation to the same theory like the slips and the lapses from the memory, the mental performance etc (Carayon, 2008). The same theory is widely accepted because of the detailed description for the human factors but still the same remains endangered to the criticism.The same effectively brings out that the nursing is an important factor in healthcare but there can be chances for human fallibility where even the same system can fail to acknowledge those how such errors can be avoided. But the critique of the same has been there on edifice up the counter-argument that the job of nursing accompanies humanities, therefore the basic human factors which can be controlled like the personal hygiene like the wearing of the uniform, lavation the hands, the use of anti-bacterial and the anti-viral techniques while handling the patients can guarantee high transmission system control (Handler, et al, 2006).The availability of the trained staff which is willing to attend the patients can effectively led to stop the fostering of the errors. Other human factors which can be worked upon by the nursing staff in the hospital can range from the valid reason for which a drug is being utilize the collection of the true and the right records therefore the proper documentation of the patients disease.These were the critiques that were made on the various human actors which can lead to serious medical flaws (system) and the consequences can become fatal (Handler, et al, 2006). Swiss quit Model Also, the assessment of the Swiss Cheese Model is necessary to translate that how the system of the medical errors contains the holes of the errors. Alike the holes that are return in a Swiss cheese there are the inherent holes that are present in the medical system.This interpretation of the errors is formed on the solid ground of the Swiss cheese model, it emphasis on the causes present in the system rather than blaming any sort of the individual failures. In a way this model has acted so far as a representative for giving an idea how can the painful events occur in a healthcare system and how should they be prevented. The Swiss Cheese Model effectively brings the significant human factors and the system factors which impact the health care set up and the various quality and the safety perspectives.The medical errors according to the model have a scope to arise because of the Organisational factors, the unsafe work conditions, the human tendency for the unsafe actions and the unsafe acts. The organisational influences are the lack of the management of the resources that are provided in the healthcare settings like the excessive use of the tools which are torn out, the improperly well-kept machines and the lack of coordination among the staff members (Reason, 2000).The next is the distracting and the fluctuating work environment of the hospital, also referred to as the Organisational climate, like the lazy staff members, the inexpert doctors and the dogmatic nurses who are unwilling to attend to the patients queries. The third influential factor is the operable process this accounts to the methodology that is followed for diagnosis, the nurse or the medical executive program might indulge either too fast processing or the too slow processes (Karman, L. , 2008).The extreme behaviour of the clinicians and the health care staff thus can be referred to as the snarled in the featal process. The interpretation of the model defines that the healthcare system should be diligent in dealing with the patients at the right time and with the right networking, for this the recommended system by the Swiss Cheese Model where the holes should be seen as the chances where the on-going plan or the operation can fail and the slices of the cheese are the defensive layers thus becoming the safety steps or the shields (Karmen, L. 2008).. Therefore, the different la yers only act as the filter, where even if the mistake, the error or the flaw in the operation has occurred in the first step then the same can be trapped in the defensive layer, leaving no scope for the error to be passed on to the next level. This is possible because the next layer would not be having the same positions of the holes as it was in the previous layer.This interpretation thus propagates the main idea that though the natural tendency of a human being to make mistakes cannot be corrected but the correction can be made at the part of the plan that is being punish so that the chances of the fatal consequences are effectively minimised (Karmen, L. , 2008). Conclusion On the basis of the Human Error Theory and the basic Human Factors that are creditworthy for the failure of the health care system, one can conclude that the particular review of Swiss Cheese Model can come to turn in many patients ho are admitted to the healthcare centres. The question which the analysis h as answered is that mountain the human errors be effectively reduced in the medical context? and it seems that a positive light spot on the solutions to catch the problematic have been provided by the collaborative efforts of the literary precursors, the medical scholars and the psychologists. The model and the theory which has been studied effectively solves the problem by attacking its root in that health care setting is an indefinite system in which the safety of the patient resides (Wagner, C et. l , 2001). The safety & quality is only achieved while there is possible healthy interaction between the medical providers, the health care standards and the potential errors in the existing health care system. References Carayon, P. (2010). Human factors in patient safety as an innovation. Applied Ergonomics, 41(5) 657-665. Handler,S. , Castle, N. , Studenski, S. , Perera, S. , Fridsma, D. , Nace, D. , & Hanlon, J. (2006). 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